Everyone Healthy Library
Gram Negative Bacilli Pneumonia
Condition / disease reference page from the Everyone Healthy database.
Connected health information
Explore this condition in a clear order
Linked signs and symptoms
2Each sign/symptom opens its own page and links back to related conditions.
Linked drugs / medications
3Medication information is educational only. A doctor or pharmacist should advise whether any medicine is appropriate.
Treatments, therapies and supportive options
18Grouped by treatment type. These are educational database links, not personal treatment recommendations. Evidence labels are shown only where stored in the EH database.
Surgery
1Medical therapy
5Lifestyle changes
1Alternative and complementary therapies
1Alternative therapies
1Vitamins and minerals
2Vitamins
1Minerals
1Linked diagnostic tests and investigations
19These are pulled from both EH diagnostic-test link tables, including the older large test-link table.
- Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB Smear or Culture)
- Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) Concentration
- Carbon Dioxide Total Content (TCO2)
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Concentration
- erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
- Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
- Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs, Fibrin Split Products, FSPs, Fibrin Breakdown Products, Fbps)
- Fibrinogen Concentration test
- haptoglobin (Hp) concentration
- Inspiratory Capacity (IC)
- Partial Pressure of Arterial Carbon Dioxide (PCO2, PaCO2)
- Partial Pressure of Oxygen (PO2)
- Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Residual Volume (RV)
- Spirometry
- Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
- Urine glucose concentration
- Vital Capacity (VC)
- White Blood Cell (WBC) Count
Biological and test markers
24This visual map uses existing EH database links to show biological agents and lab markers reported as increased, decreased, or associated with this condition. These are educational relationships only; test results must be interpreted by a qualified clinician because ranges vary by lab, method, age, sex and clinical context.
Often increased
17- Alpha-1 Antintrypsin (AAT)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 90–215 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) Concentration
- Alpha-1-Globulin (Blood, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 0.1–0.3 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Alpha-2-Globulin (Blood, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 0.6–1 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Carbon Dioxide Total Content (TCO2)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y): 20–27 mEq/L; Newborn (0 - 1month): 13–21 mEq/LLinked diagnostic tests1Carbon Dioxide Total Content (TCO2)
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Total ProteinReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 15–45 mg/dL; Child (< 10y): 15–70 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Concentration
- Erythrocyte Sedimentation RateReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 0–20 mm/Hr; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 0–15 mm/HrLinked diagnostic tests1erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
- Fibrin Split ProductsReference range exampleAll: 0–1 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs, Fibrin Split Products
- FibrinogenReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 150–400 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Fibrinogen Concentration test
- Gamma Globulin (Blood, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 0.8–1.7 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- haptoglobin (Hp)Reference range example45–200 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1haptoglobin (Hp) concentration
- Mycobacterium Avium IntracellulareReference range exampleAll: 0–1 NegativeLinked diagnostic tests1Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB Smear or Culture)
- Mycobacterium CheloneiReference range exampleAll: 0–1 NegativeLinked diagnostic tests1Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB Smear or Culture)
- Mycobacterium KansasiiReference range exampleAll: 0–1 NegativeLinked diagnostic tests1Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB Smear or Culture)
- Mycobacterium TuberculosisReference range exampleAll: 0–1 NegativeLinked diagnostic tests1Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB Smear or Culture)
- Partial Pressure of Arterial Carbon Dioxide (PaCO2)Reference range exampleAll: 35–45 mm HgLinked diagnostic tests1Partial Pressure of Arterial Carbon Dioxide (PCO2, PaCO2)
- Urine glucoseReference range example0–2.5; Adult ( > 16y): 0–2.5 mmol/dayLinked diagnostic tests1Urine glucose concentration
- White Blood Cell (WBC)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 4.5–10.5 million/mL; Adult ( > 16y): 3.2–10 million/mLLinked diagnostic tests1White Blood Cell (WBC) Count
Often decreased
7- Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 850–1,300 mL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 1,000–1,500 mLLinked diagnostic tests1Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
- Forced Expiratory Flow Between 25% and 75% of FVC (FEF25-75)Reference range exampleAll: 60–100 %Linked diagnostic tests1Spirometry
- Inspiratory Capacity (IC)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 2,600–3,200 mL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 3,000–3,500 mLLinked diagnostic tests1Inspiratory Capacity (IC)
- Partial Pressure of Arterial Oxygen (PaO2)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 80–100 mm Hg; Newborn (0 - 1month): 60–70 mm HgLinked diagnostic tests1Partial Pressure of Oxygen (PO2)
- Residual Volume (RV)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 1,200–1,600 mL; Adult ( > 16y), Female: 850–1,300 mLLinked diagnostic tests2Postvoid Residual Volume Test, Residual Volume (RV)
- Total Lung Capacity (TLC)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 4,600–5,200 mL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 5,800–6,200 mLLinked diagnostic tests1Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
- Vital Capacity (VC)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 3,500–4,000 mL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 4,500–5,000 mLLinked diagnostic tests1Vital Capacity (VC)
Other associated markers
0No markers in this group.
Introduction / full article
Gram Negative Bacilli Pneumonia
Efficacy of Alternative and Other Treatments According to GRADE* Ranking:
Osteopathy [1, 2]:
Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It is proposed only as a weak supportive symptomatic support, and even then, has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.
Recommendation: Weakly in favor (Studies show that osteopathy may be beneficial to those with pneumonia. More studies are needed)
Grade of Evidence: Low quality of evidence
Zinc [3, 4, 5]:
Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It is proposed only as a weak supportive symptomatic support, and even then, has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.
Recommendation: No recommendation (Studies on the efficacy of zinc for treating pneumonia have yielded mixed conclusions. More studies are needed)
Grade of Evidence: Low quality of evidence
Vitamin C [6, 7]:
Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It is proposed only as a weak supportive symptomatic support, and even then, has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.
Recommendation: No recommendation (Studies on the effects of vitamin C on pneumonia have yielded mixed conclusions. More studies are needed)
Grade of Evidence: Low quality of evidence
* www.gradeworkinggroup.org
Summary References
Treatments:
1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18806080
2. http://jaoa.org/article.aspx?articleid=2093709
3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17921398
4. http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/83/5/1089.abstract
5. http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/85/1/242.full
6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23925826
7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2099400/